Hub and spokes This is the Ethereum L1/L2 model L2’s bring customisability that you otherwise won’t get from a neutral base layer This allows L2’s to tailor their needs for their customers, and this added control and flexibility enables them to remain competitive L2’s are essentially programmable chains that businesses/institutions can plug in to Ethereum with, in order to tap the underlying security and neutrality And this only works with Ethereum as there is no other L1 that is sufficiently decentralised or neutral to perform the role of being the base layer for the global economy Credible neutrality is the L1 moat Ethereum is trustware for the internet